Neurotransmitters are released by nerves so that bodily functions are set in motion. In order for muscles to move, acetylcholine is produced by nerve endings. It is an activator and is the counterpart of dopamine (calming factor). In the case of Parkinson's, alcohol abuse or poisoning, too much of this neurotransmitter is present, which can cause violent tremors. How does acetylcholine cause tremors and what are the consequences?
Neurotransmitters
Several neurotransmitters are active in the body, which control many processes. These signaling substances are produced by the nerves so that bodily functions are brought to fruition. One specific neurotransmitter is acetylcholine, and it causes muscles to be activated with bodily processes. What does acetylcholine mean, how is it related to dopamine and how does it affect disease and poisoning?
Balance with dopamine
In the body, the substance acetylcholine is active to activate muscles and body processes. When the brain issues an instruction, an electrical signal is sent through the nerves. At the end of those nerves, the signal is converted into acetylcholine. That substance is then captured or registered by muscle receptors, causing the muscle to move. If too much acetylcholine is present in the body, it can cause tremors and uncontrollable movements. Its counterpart is dopamine and is the tranquilizer.
Parkinson's disease and excessive tremor caused by acetylcholine
In the case of Parkinson's, an imbalance has developed between acetylcholine and dopamine. The proportion of acetylcholine is too high, causing tremors and tremors. Initially, these may be limited tremors, but as the disease progresses, the movements can be very violent. To treat this, people are given Levodopa or Medopa as medication. It has the same effect as dopamine, limiting the influence of acetylcholine. In the case of M.S. or Multiple Sclerosis, the production of acetylcholine fails, causing muscles and processes to be insufficiently controlled.
Alcohol Abuse
Taking in too much alcohol on a daily basis or having drunk too much one night also has shaky consequences. Besides the hangover, a throbbing headache and a sticky mouth, the muscles also begin to play up. This has to do with the breakdown process of alcohol. Initially, alcohol is broken down by the liver into acetaldehyde, after which this toxin is converted into acetic acid by cell organelles. Acetic acid is further broken down into carbon dioxide and oxygen in the citric acid cycle. It may involve the prolonged presence of a high concentration of acetic acid. In that case, it may combine with choline to produce acetylcholine. Alcohol abuse leads to tremors in this case. This also indicates that Parkinson's patients should not drink alcohol, as it has a reinforcing effect on the disease.
Poisoning
Several products in the home are dangerous to health because they contain toxins or, to some extent, insecticides. Especially if children accidentally come into contact with them, it can have far-reaching consequences. Insecticides contain "acetyl "cholinesterase, which does not inhibit toxins. As a result, acetylcholine will increasingly accumulate, causing violent muscle movements. Insecticide poisoning also leads to violent foaming (over activation of mucous glands). Eventually, the body can no longer handle the vibrations, causing death. Note that should one accidentally ingest insecticide, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately. Furthermore, it is important to always store certain hazardous substances out of the reach of children, preferably in locked cabinets.
